Friday 5 December 2014

Film 4 overview and case study: A Field in England

https://www.youtube.com/user/Film4video


http://www.picturehouseentertainment.co.uk/component/content/article/9-uncategorised/134-about-picturehouse.html (A Field in England)





Using these two sites: http://www.afieldinengland.com/masterclass/

http://www.bfi.org.uk/sites/bfi.org.uk/files/downloads/bfi-insight-report-a-field-in-england-2013_1.pdf

Research and prepare a detailed assignment on the following:

Production: art-house or blockbuster? Institutions involved? Impact of technology on filming process?  Budgets and impact? Actors, director and links to audience?  Locations and budget implications? Expansive or restricted? Why?

Distribution and Marketing:  niche or mainstream audience?  Why?  Use of Web 2.0 and impact? Digital or 35mm film? Why? Online, print, TV campaigns, social media, website roles?  Budget and impact?

Exhibition, consumption and exchange: time of year of release - significant?  Type of release - across which platforms? (Cinema, VOD, DVD) Target audience and links to release platforms?  Impact of social media/role in release and exchange? Box office figures for opening? How audience viewed film/reviews/audiences' engagement? How they shared thoughts?

Monday 1 December 2014

Film4 info



Explore this link to find out about Film4's dedication to talent development through their 'innovative' work...

Explore this link and look at the 'history' section to help with your answer to why Film4 might have some advantages over other independent film companies...





Monday 17 November 2014

Marketing of 'Gravity'

Now you've read about the success of Gravity and explored the technical side of things, have an explore of these articles/reviews here to find info on the following points:

* Key features of the Gravity marketing campaign: teaser trailer, trailer, social media campaigns, interviews with stars, showings at film festivals, website.
* Why it was so successful - summarise in no more than 5 key reasons.

Warner Bros plot careful launch
Behind Gravity's historic box office success
Four reasons 'Gravity' flew so high
Blockbuster blueprint (follow other links in this article to discover more info about social media campaign etc)

Friday 7 November 2014

The visual effects company behind 'Gravity': Framestore

Visit Framestore's website and read the article on this page to identify key features of technology used to create the film.

Areas to think about:

What new piece of technology did the team invent to create the impression of no gravity in space?

Why did they need to create this? What benefits did it bring to the filming process?

Pick out an example of technological synergy...

What difference did the LED lights make to filming?

In which ways was the technology used in the filming process groundbreaking?




http://www.theguardian.com/film/2014/feb/06/sandra-bullock-pain-gravity-oscars-george-clooney-2014

Thursday 6 November 2014

Gravity at award ceremonies 2014

Read this BBC article to get some background information from before the BAFTAs were announced...

This clip explores behind the scenes technology for Gravity...

This article explains the results of the BAFTAs, with a particular focus on Gravity and 12 Years a Slave.

This BBC article explores the definitions of what constitutes a British film, with particular reference to Gravity






Friday 19 September 2014

Definitions

An institution (in the film industry)

Definition: any company or organisation that produces, distributes or  exhibits films. TheBBC makes films with their BBC Films arm; Channel4's Film Four produces films, Working Title also produce films, as does Vertigo Films, etc. Some institutions need to join with other institutions which distribute films. Vertigo Films is able to distribute its own films, Channel Four distributed Slumdog Millionaire through PatheWorking Title'sdistribution partner is Universal, a huge US company which can make, distribute and show films. The type of owner ship within an institution matters as, for instance, Channel 4 and the BBC are able to show their own films at an earlier stage than other films made by other institutions. They are also better placed to cross-promote their in-house films within their media organisations.


Distribution and Marketing

Definition: the business of getting films to their audiences by booking them for runs into cinemas and taking them there in vans or through digital downloads; distributors also create the marketing campaign for films producing posters, trailers, websites, organise free previews, press packs, television interviews with the "talent", sign contracts for promotions, competitions, etc. Distributors use their know-how and size to ensure that DVDs of the film end up in stores and on supermarket shelves. Distributors also obtain the BBFC certificate, and try to get films released as the most favourable times of the year for their genre, etc.
Examples:
Universal distributed Working Title's The Boat That RockedPathe distributed Film4 andCeladors'  Slumdog Millionaire after the original US distributor, Warner Independent went out of business.


Exhibition
Definition:  showing films in cinemas or on DVD. Media attention through opening nights and premieres How the audience can see the film: in cinemas, at home, on DVD, through downloads, through television, including premieres, the box office take in the opening weeks; audience reviews which includes those of the film critics, ordinary people, cinemas runs; awards in festivals, The Oscars, BAFTAS, etc.


Examples:
The Boat That Rocked opened on wide release in over 400 cinemas in April 2009.  The film flopped at the box office for a number of reasons: the critics' reviews, poor weather putting off cinema goers, and perhaps the lack of a strong female character. The film also flopped on American release in November 2009. However, young people and older people like the film: sales in Morrisons and other supermarkets seem brisk before Christmas as many are buying the DVD as a present to cheer people up during  these dark winter months. Slumdog Millionaire almost never got distribution. Its early US distributor, Warner Independent was a victim of the economic downturn and went out of business. The film's makers then struggled to find a distributor! Then Fox Searchlight stepped up and "the rest is history". The 8 out of 10 Oscar nomination wins ensured that the film has been the greatest British success in awards and in box office for nearly 60 years.
http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/news/boyle-reveals-slumdog-millionaire-was-nearly-never-made-1331821.html


Exchange
Definition: The unintended use of an institution’s media text (i.e. a film) by OTHER PEOPLE who use the film or parts of it to form new texts. What happens to a film, etc. after the public get their hands on it using digital technology. 
 

Examples:
People unconnected to the institution/ film using WEB 2.0 applications such as YOUTUBE, Blogger, Amazon film message boards, TWITTER, Face-Book, discuss the film or edit parts of together to form a new text which the may then put a new soundtrack to and publish on YOUTUBE, etc. When you add a trailer from a site like YouTube on your blog you have been engaging with exchange.


Vertical and Horizontal Integration
Definition: Absorption into a single firm of several firms involved in all aspects of a product's manufacture from raw materials to distribution.


Example:
Vivendi Universal have integrated film, music, web and distribution technology into the company, including owning big stakes in cables and wires that deliver these services. Therefore they are vertically integrated because they own all the different companies involved in film, from production to distribution to exhibition. They are also horizontally integrated because they have all the expertise for producing media content under one roof – films, TV, magazines, books, music, games thus being able to produce all the related media content for one film under the same roof (see synergy). This is important for the control the institution has over their product/film.


Synergy/Synergies 
 
Definition: The interaction of two or more agents (institutions/companies) to ensure a larger effect than if they acted independently. This is beneficial for each company through efficiencies in expertise and costs. 



 
Examples:
Working Title know how to make films and they have formed a business partnership withUniversal, a massive US company, who have the experience and size in the marketplace (cinemas, stores, online, etc.) to distribute them. (They create the marketing campaign to target audiences through posters, trailers, create the film’s website, free previews, television and press interviews featuring “the talent”, drum up press reviews, word of mouth, and determine when a film is released for the best possible audience and the type of release: limited, wide, etc.) Channel Four’s Film 4 and Celador Films (Celador also produce Who Wants to Be A Millionaire and films, too) benefited by pooling their know-how, experience and expertise to jointly produce Slumdog Millionaire. These companies formed a business relationship with France’s Pathe to distribute this film. In the UK Pathe helped create the poster, trailer, website, etc. In the USA the film found another distributor after being nominated for the Oscars.


Viral Marketing
Definition: A marketing technique aiming at reproducing "word of mouth" usually on the internet and through existing social networks. YouTube Video pastiches, trailers, interviews with cast members, the director, writer, etc. You can find interviews of “the talent” trying to gain publicity for your case study films on YouTube.
Guerilla Marketing
Definition: The use of unconventional and low cost marketing strategies to raise awareness of a product. The aim is usually to create “buzz” and “word of mouth” around a film. Unusual stunts to gain publicity (P.R.) on the film’s opening weekend, etc.

Examples:
Sasha Baron Cohen created “buzz” before the release of his film “Borat” by holding fake press conferences. The studio also accessed the popularity of YouTube by releasing the first 4 minutes of the movie on YouTube, a week before it’s release, which can then be sent virally across the nation. At a special viewing of “Bruno” Cohen landed on Eminem “butt first” from the roof MTV Awards venue, dressed in as an angel outfit with rents in the rear end. 


Media Convergence
Definition 1: Convergence of media occurs when multiple products come together to form one product with the advantages of all of them. 
 
Examples:
More and more films are being marketed on the Internet and on mobile phones. You no longer need even to buy the DVDs or CDs as you can download films and music directly to your laptop, Mac or PC. Blue Ray DVDs can carry more features than ordinary DVDs  and can be played on HD televisions and in home cinemas  for enhanced/cinematic picture quality. You can save films on SKY digital, Free-box digital players, etc. You mobile phone has multiple features and applications. With media and technological convergence this is growing year on year. Play-Stations, X-Boxes and the Wii can can connect with the Internet and you can play video games with multiple players.


Technological Convergence
Definition 2: The growing interractive use of digital technology in the film industry and media which enables people to share, consume and produce media that was difficult or impossible just a few years earlier.

Examples:
For instance, the use of new software to add special effects in editing; the use of blue-screen; using new types of digital cameras like the one Danny Boyle used in “Slumdog Millionaire” (The Silicon Imaging Camera to shoot high quality film in tight spaces); you can use the Internet to download a film rather than go see it in the cinema; you can watch it on YouTube; you can use special editing programs like Final Cut Pro to edit bits of a film, give it new soundtrack and upload it on YouTube; you can produce illegal, pirate copies on DVDs from downloads and by converting the film’s format; you can buy Blue Ray DVDs with greater compression which allows superior viewing and more features on the DVD; distributors can use digital software to create high concept posters; cinemas can download films to their projection screens and do not have to depend on a van dropping off the film! There are tons of ways in which technological convergence affects the production, distribution, exhibition and exchange by prosumers. ( A prosumer is someone who not only consumes (watches films) but also writes about them the Net, blogs and make films out of them, often uploading them on sites like YouTube, etc.

A Mainstream Film
Definition: A high budget film that would appeal to most segments of an audience: the young, boys, girls, teenagers, young people, the middle aged, older people, the various classes in society. Distributors often spend as much or more than the film cost to make when distributing mainstream films that are given wide or universal releases.


Example:
 The Boat That Rocked was a mainstream idea and was given the mainstream treatment on wide release. The film flopped at the UK box office on release ( and has not done too well since mid November 2009 on release in the USA. This was mostly because of its poor reviews, particularly from “Time-Out”. However, when young and older audiences see the DVD they generally like the film because of its uplifting storyline and the well-chosen soundtrack.


Art House Films
Definition: A low budget independent film that would mostly appeal to an educated, higher class audience who follow unusual genres or like cult directors that few people have heard of. Therefore it is usually aimed at a niche market. Foreign films often come under this category. 


Examples: 
The low budget film, Once (2007) which found a specialised, boutique distributor in Fox Searchlight fits this label. (FOX the mainstream company usually distributes big budget film and blockbusters); So does “Juno” from 2008 which began as a low budget film about teenage pregnancy that the big studios thought too risky to touch – but it found popularity through its touching storyline, engaging music and its Oscar nomination for best script. Like “Slumdog Millionaire” the film crossed over between art-house cinemas and audiences to mainstream ones because of the recognition it received from Canadian film festivals and award ceremonies like Britain’s BAFTAS and the Hollywood’s Oscars.


Ratings bodies BBFC - The British Board of Film Classification
How your institutions films are rated will affect audiences in so far as WHO can see them. Remember that sex scenes, offensive language, excessive violence, the use of profanity, etc. can affect the rating and certificate the film receives and therefore affect who is able to see the film. 

Taken from: http://asanda2mediastudies.blogspot.co.uk/2009/12/selected-key-terms-for-institutions-and.html

Thursday 8 May 2014

Film4 revision concept map

Use this as a guide for how to structure revision notes for case studies on the institutions - use for Gravity/The Dark Knight/Avatar as well...





Wednesday 7 May 2014

Issues raised by media ownership

How can Channel4's Film4 survive in the British market place against the high concept, big-budget films made by Newcorp's FOX, Warner Bros, Disney, Universal, etc.? What kinds of niche audiences are left for Film4 to attract? Are mass audiences out of reach given the genres of films Film4 have the budgets to make? How successful have they been in reaching mass audiences with their films? How healthy is it that just a few mega media groups can own such a range of media and can decide what the public may see, and, perhaps, shape audience's tastes?



BBC Article about digital film production

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/programmes/click_online/5262456.stm

British Independent Film awards

http://www.bifa.org.uk/

How Digital Cinema works

http://entertainment.howstuffworks.com/digital-cinema.htm

Foxsearchlight

http://www.foxsearchlight.com/

Oscars 2014 and British Film Industry

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-25711514

Does it matter that only 7% of British Films make a profit? BBC article...

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-25302988

London lures Hollywood film makers - BBC article..

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-24675154

Is Hollywood's blockbuster model broken? BBC article...

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-25409796

Monday 5 May 2014

Exhibition, consumption and exchange

To help with your revision of case studies, work through these questions and find facts/figures and key ideas for each of your films:


Thursday 1 May 2014

Impacts of Digital technology

Digital technology is important for the UK film industry as it means that non-mainstream films are becoming more accessible. Independent cinemas have the capacity to screen more films because digital distribution and exhibition is cheaper than traditional methods.  (35mm print is around 10 times more expensive than digital copies).

The UK film council wants to make film more accessible in three ways:
1) Improving access  -  our digital screen network is made up of more than 240 digital screens across the UK that now show non-mainstream films regularly.
2) Raising awareness - our prints and advertising fund provides £4 million every year to help British distributors promote non-mainstream films.
3) Increasing information - our website is one of the UK's leading websites for film fans wanting to watch, buy, download or rent great films.

For more information:

Digital distribution

This is an important Youtube video for understanding how digital technology (technological convergence or simply 'convergence') is changing the ways in which films are being produced, distributed and consumed. The old 35mm films will end up in museums with cheaper digital downloads offering an immersive experience far greater than before on new digital screens in multiplexes. This short film features translated interviews with French and German film-makers and cinema owners but what is true of them is also relevant for us as our experience is going to be the same. Watch this as you will know how to discuss 'convergence' in the consumption/exhibition part of your essays and be able to discuss the changes that digital technology will bring about in cinemas and the benefits cinema-goers.

Distribution and marketing concept map


Thursday 17 April 2014

US Media ownership




British film industry links

Institutions and Audiences - Key Terms For Film



Make this your starting point. How do British film production companies and distributors survive and prosper given their more powerful neighbour, Hollywood? What is the current state of the UK film industry? To be specific focus your case study on a UK institution from which you can later make comparisons with US production companies.

Links to get you started on researching UK film/distribution companies.

As you research make a list of subject specific key terms, i.e. "an integrated film company. production slate, etc."

Vertigo Films
http://www.vertigofilms.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertigo_Films
http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/ukmovies/interviews/britplayers/vertigo_films.shtml ( essential videos with interviews/information )
http://www.uk.castingcallpro.com/cview.php?uid=354 (some history)

Film 4
http://www.channel4.com/film/ffproductions/index.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Film4
http://blogs.warwick.ac.uk/michaelwalford/entry/channel_4_films/

BBC Films
http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfilms/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC_Films

Working Title Films
http://www.workingtitlefilms.com/
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_Title_Films
http://blogs.warwick.ac.uk/michaelwalford/entry/working_title_history/
http://www.screenonline.org.uk/film/id/577488/

Hogarth Pictures
http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/ukmovies/interviews/britplayers/hogarth_pictures.shtml

UK Production Companies and Studios
http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/ukmovies/relatedlinks/production_companies.shtml ( An extensive list with links to many lesser known UK film companies.)

UK Cinemas and Distributors
http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/ukmovies/relatedlinks/cinemas_exhibitors.shtml

Several video interviews with key players on various aspects of the British film industry
http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/ukmovies/interviews/britplayers/

US industry research

Comparing Your British Case Study Institutions and Films with US ones



You need to research more than just your British case study institution and film - you also need be able to explain how the British film industry compares with the much larger American (Hollywood) film industry. You should do this by researching a US institution together with one of their recent films from production, distribution and exhibition. Focus on how British audiences reacted to the film and the distributor's efforts to market and distribute the film. US conglomerates can use their size and reach to create massives synergies to awaken desire in audiences to see their films. They can cross-promote their films across their media empires!

20th Century Fox's "Avatar" (2009) would be an ideal choice. By comparing the film  and media practices of the much larger US film industry with your own wholly British Case study you will be able to appreciate differences in institutional ownership and media convergence. You will also be able to understand conceptually how the massive budgets of US film can offer choices of genre not available to primarily UK production companies. The types of films and the scale of their releases, together with target audiences can also be examined and compared. Even the application of technology and the growth of 3D films and the opportunities to produce such films can be compared.

Working Title began as a UK company. It still is a British run - at least in this country. But it is two thirds owned by the the massive American conglomerate NBC-Universal. Working Title makes a "slate" of UK and US films. Its £50 million budget for "The Boat That Rocked" sets it apart from most other "British" film-makers like Vertigo and Channel Four because the budgets for their films are nowhere close to this figure. Working Title can use its links with NBC Universal to make big budget films and tap into this conglomerate for giant synergies to market them.

 Film 4's "Slumdog Millionaire" only cost $15 million dollars - it did better business than the more expensive film by Working Title. News Corporation's 20th Century Fox is in another league! Its "Avatar" cost around $250 million to make and another $170 million in distribution and promotional costs! Much of the production costs went in developing new technology (special digital cameras) and special effects. 20th Century Fox was only able to raise this cash because it was part of  a group of companies worth many Billions. (News Corp). Media Convergence worked in its favour as News Corp own just about any type of media company you may imagine. The synergies available in a company like this enable massive promotion of the film across a range of media. Click this LINK and scroll down to News Corp to get an idea of the scale of this organisation. With the control over their product that this scale of vertical ownership gives them how can Channel 4 and Film 4 even begin to compete? And yet, somehow, with "Slumdog . . .", they did! But it's a one-off!

It's stating the obvious but we could not make such an ambitious film simply because our choices of film genres is constrained by cost. Even Cameron had to leave his his plans for his big budget blockbuster until technology caught up to make his film financially possible.

20th Century Fox's "Avatar"
Opening Weekend
$77,025,481 (USA) (20 December 2009) (3,452 Screens)
£8,509,050 (UK) (
20 December 2009) (503 Screens)
£18,404,659 (UK) (27 December 2009) gross to date.

For further research:
Click here for the IMDB page. There are lots of stats for the UK box office, merchandising and other information on this 3D film to be found by clicking in the left column of this site.

"Avatar's" Official Website
Avatar's Website
The UK Website

Press reviews
A film preview by The Guardian.
Articles on the film
The articles above are important for understanding the issues around technological convergence and how it affects the ways we consume films. They also reveal the growing significance of 3D films and the newly developed cameras that help make them.

It seems only 10% of British cinemas can effectively show this films!
"In the UK alone, only around 320 out of 3,600 cinemas are digitally equipped, while in the US the ratio is even worse (2,500 out of 38,000). "So there is a big problem looming," admits Peter Buckingham, head of distribution and exhibition at the UK Film Council. "You are looking at about a minimum of £80,000 to get yourself into a 3D position. Even with the hike in ticket prices and the potential hike in audiences, that's quite a stretch for the smaller venues. The danger is that, in this digital switchover, a number of cinemas may well be left behind."

Audience Reviews - ordinary folk:
A review from IMBD
946 out of 1707 people found the following review useful.
Technically outstanding. Originality: oh well...., 11 December 2009
Author: elchocobollo from Spain
Well, I just saw Avatar this morning, one of the press premieres which are running on these days. My opinion: you've seen this story a hundred times, but never like this. Finally 3D is what it's supposed to be, an instrument at the service of the movie. You'll enjoy the visual experience, no doubt.
As for the story, some of the "inspirations" are so huge and so obvious that mentioning two or three of them would REALLY ruin the movie for you, and I'm not willing to do that. Lots of mysticism and ecology, if you like that stuff. If you're 15 or so, you'll have a great time thinking that it's the first time somebody makes something like this. If you're an experienced movie watcher, better leave your skepticism at the door, bring lots of pop corn and enjoy with the usual action-flick-with-moral-and-loads-of-clichés.

I liked it, however: "the movie that re-invents movies"??? No way.

For more comments on the film by the public try Amazon UK or the many uploads on YouTube

Production and Post Production for "Avatar"
For information on "how they did it" read parts of the production notes for "Avatar".
Read Avatar's production notes here

Distribution for "Avatar"
20th Century Fox and Newscorp "hedged" much of the $500 million risk onto allied companies and outside investors. This means that a significant portion of the film's profit will be lost because of the unwillingness to shoulder the whole financial risk.
3D articles of interest - movies budget pops from the screen
Some of the numbers below and the Fox's strategy for marketing the film. (Must Read) Avatar Soars and Fat Ad Spending, Mass Marketing

Wednesday 19 March 2014

Vertical integration info

In this era of corporate mergers, mega companies, and minimized competition, the film industry giants are looking for new ways to profit in an ever changing marketplace.   But as they search for innovation, they are discovering that there is an expanding opening because of mass business deregulation over the past eight years of casino capitalism.  Because of this deregulation, they are beginning to return to some classic business models instead such as being a vertically integrated industry.  Think of big oil for the best example of what vertical integration is and can do.  The oil giants produce, refine, distribute, and retail their product.  They control all aspects of their business from start to finish, maximizing profits and allowing for price gouging when appropriate.  For the film industry, being vertically integrated means producing the  films, distributing the films, and exhibiting the films.  Several media conglomerates are practicing vertically integrated models with no legal consequences for their monopolistic activities.   This is bad news for independent filmmakers across the country including those of us in Tucson.
Many companies possess two of the three elements needed for vertical integration.  But recently, instances of companies having all three of the elements in place are on the rise.  This is especially true when the company has a strong international presence.  For example, Time Warner has vertically integrated itself by keeping its Warner Bros. International Cinemas an international venture only.  Do the math and you realize Warner Bros. exhibits almost all of their U.S. releases internationally.  Time Warner has long had a powerful presence in film production and distribution in this country.  Time Warner’s holdings include Warner Bros. Entertainment Group, Castle Rock (big hit was Seinfeld), Warner Independent Pictures (an oxymoron if there ever was one), and New Line Cinema among others.  So if Time Warner owned theaters in the U.S., it would in theory be in violation of anti-trust laws. Cable giant Viacom, who counts among its holdings MTV, VH1, Comedy Central, and film production giant Paramount Pictures, has a similar setup.  They own a 50% interest in Mann Theaters, which seem by rational investigation to be located in the U.S.  This seems to be something the U.S. Justice Department should be looking into because the holdings of  Time Warner and Viacom resemble corporations involved in monopolistic business practices that violate anti-trust laws laid out as early as 1948 in the United States v. Paramount Pictures.
Upon further examination, on some level, vertical integration monopolies are legal now as long as your exhibition rights are on network television or cable.   Corporations like G.E. (NBC’s parent), Walt Disney (ABC’s parent), CBS, and News Corp. (Fox’s parent) have long held television network outlets, newspapers, film and television production companies, publishing houses, and radio networks.  This arrangement is attempting to squeeze out small companies or swallow them up in a merger or straight buyout.  This is bad news for independent filmmakers of Tucson unless the enforcement of anti-trust laws improves and the penalties for the violation of the laws become more punitive.  Try and think of these issues the next time you fork over your $9 for a movie and it is the quality of Transformers 2.  It may be that way because we all reap what we sow.

Thursday 13 March 2014

Warner Bros

This link will help you with more company information about Warner Bros for your pitches...

Your group challenge...

Choose a film institution to produce, market, distribute and exhibit your coursework film:
Will you choose Film4 or Warner Bros? Why?
Who is your audience and how would the institution market and distribute your film to attract them?
Is this company an example of being vertically or horizontally integrated?
How would this benefit your film and why?

Use the slideshare below as an example of how to structure/set out your presentation:



Sunday 2 March 2014

'Gravity' introduction

Film Distribution, Marketing, Publicity and Promotion Activities

For the film 'Gravity': 

  • Identify the main target audience, their profile - psychographic or demographic - how were they targeted?
  • Identify key cast and the film’s USP (unique selling point - what makes it different from other films?).
  • Now research the 360 degree, saturated campaign including poster, theatrical trailer, outdoor and online marketing; publicity; and promotions that maximised the film’s profit potential and create a document to present to the rest of the class.

Questions to think about

Which production, distribution and marketing companies were involved with this film?

Are they one of the 'big players'/'mainstream'/'Hollywood' companies?  Or are they a smaller, independent company?  

Who were the target audience for the film? (This may depend on whether it comes from mainstream Hollywood or independent company...although there are exceptions to that rule...)

How was the film marketed?  How did they use modern technology for the filming/marketing?  Features of Web 2.0 to involve the audience?

Are there any elements of synergy or convergence in the process of making this film? What are they? 

Use this link to previous blog posts about Gravity to help your research